International Journal of Social and Political Sciences
Journal Title : International Journal of Social and Political Sciences Initial : IJSPS Frequency : 3 issues per year (April, August, December) DOI prefix : 10.69812/ijsps Print ISSN : 3089-5987 Online ISSN : 3089-5936 Editor in Chief : Agus Rio Managing Editor : Mahadiansar Publisher : CV. Austronesia Akademika Citation Analysis : Google Scholar Index : Garba Rujukan Digital (GARUDA) Websites : https://journal.austrodemika.org/index.php/ijsps Email : ijsps.austrodemika@gmail.com International Journal of Social and Political Sciences is a scholarly publication that focuses on research in the fields of social and political sciences. The journal aims to provide a platform for academics, researchers, and practitioners to share their findings, theories, and insights pertaining to various social and political issues. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including but not limited to sociology, anthropology, psychology, political science, international relations, public policy, and gender studies. It welcomes articles that present empirical research, theoretical frameworks, case studies, and reviews of existing literature. The primary objective of the International Journal of Social and Political Sciences is to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in these disciplines and stimulate intellectual discussions. It seeks to facilitate dialogue, exchange of ideas, and foster collaboration among scholars from different parts of the world. The journal follows a rigorous double-blind peer-review process to ensure the quality and validity of the published articles. This process involves the evaluation of submissions by experts in the respective fields, who assess the methodology, research design, analysis, and significance of the contributions. International Journal of Social and Political Sciences is published regularly, providing a platform for researchers to disseminate their work globally. It is available in both electronic and print formats, making it accessible to a diverse readership, including academics, policymakers, practitioners, and students.
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Local Government as Linkage Actors: Domestic Sources of Foreign Policy in the United States
This article examines local government as linkage actors in shaping the domestic sources of foreign policy in the United States. Although foreign policy is formally understood as the constitutional responsibility of the federal government, contemporary global challenges increasingly intersect with local governance responsibilities. Issues such as trade, foreign investment, climate change, migration, public health, infrastructure development, port governance, and transnational cooperation are experienced directly by states, cities, counties, and regional institutions. Using a qualitative descriptive approach based exclusively on secondary data, this study analyzes academic literature, policy documents, government publications, and institutional materials related to paradiplomacy, federalism, city diplomacy, subnational governance, and Foreign Policy Analysis. The findings show that local governments influence foreign policy not by replacing federal diplomatic authority, but by connecting local interests, regional development priorities, and community needs with broader national and international policy agendas. Local governments perform three major roles: institutional intermediaries that translate global issues into domestic policy responses; functional actors that participate in international arenas through economic, environmental, social, and urban networks; and policy mediators that provide implementation capacity, local knowledge, and policy feedback to federal institutions. The article argues that U.S. foreign policy should not be viewed only as a top-down process produced by national elites, but as a multi-level governance process shaped by interaction among federal, state, and local actors.
Copyright (c) 2026 Grace Natali Simbolon, Leony Agustin, Ledy Krishonni Sianturi, Mirna Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Ireland’s Economic Policy Response to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and Its Impact on the National Economy
This study analyses Ireland’s economic policy response to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and its impact on the national economy. The crisis revealed deep structural vulnerabilities within Ireland’s pre-crisis growth model, particularly excessive credit expansion, property-market dependence, weak financial regulation, and high banking-sector exposure to real estate. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical literature review based exclusively on secondary data, this study examines peer-reviewed articles, official policy documents, EU–IMF reports, government publications, and relevant economic datasets. The findings show that Ireland’s initial response focused on banking-sector stabilisation through the blanket bank guarantee, bank recapitalisation, and the establishment of the National Asset Management Agency. These policies prevented immediate financial collapse but transferred substantial private banking risks into public liabilities, contributing to rising sovereign debt and fiscal pressure. Subsequent fiscal consolidation and austerity measures helped restore market credibility and supported Ireland’s return to international financial markets, yet they also generated significant social costs, including pressure on households, public services, employment, and vulnerable groups. The study further finds that Ireland’s recovery was supported by export-led growth, foreign direct investment, institutional reform, and improved financial regulation. However, the recovery remained uneven, as macroeconomic improvement did not fully eliminate social hardship, housing pressures, and structural dependence on external investment. The study concludes that Ireland’s experience offers an important lesson in crisis governance: financial stabilisation must be accompanied by social resilience, institutional accountability, and balanced long-term economic reform.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mufida Fisca Salsabilla, Siti Nur Aisyah, Suci Irianti, Nurzalina Nurzalina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of South Korean Government Policies in Addressing the Low Fertility Rate Crisis: A Human Development Approach and Impact Evaluation
South Korea’s fertility decline has become a demographic and policy challenge because it is closely connected to population aging, labour shortages, welfare sustainability, gender inequality, and weakening confidence among young adults in forming families. Using a qualitative descriptive method based solely on secondary data, this study analyzes academic literature, government policy documents, demographic statistics, OECD reports, Statistics Korea publications, and studies on family policy, childcare, housing, employment, and work–family balance. The findings show that South Korea’s low fertility rate is shaped by structural factors, including employment insecurity, unaffordable housing, high education costs, long working hours, unequal care responsibilities, and career penalties for women after childbirth. Government responses, including financial incentives, childcare subsidies, parental leave, housing support, and work–family balance policies, demonstrate increasing policy adaptability but remain limited in their long-term effectiveness. Financial support may reduce immediate household burdens, yet it cannot sufficiently transform the deeper institutional and cultural conditions that discourage marriage and childbearing. From a human development perspective, effective fertility policy must expand people’s freedom to form families under secure, equal, and supportive conditions. The study concludes that South Korea’s demographic recovery requires integrated structural reform that strengthens gender equality, accessible childcare, affordable housing, employment security, reproductive autonomy, and a family-supportive welfare system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alya Nadzira, Abrar Arkeisha, Nursabilah Aisyah, Nasution Sartika, Mahadiansar Mahadiansar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Political Economy of Digital Inequality and Education; Rights in Kenya and Indonesia
This study examines the impact of digital inequality on the right to higher education in Kenya and Indonesia through a comparative political economy perspective. Digital transformation has expanded opportunities for learning, but it has also exposed unequal access to technology, internet connectivity, digital devices, and digital literacy among students and institutions. Using a qualitative comparative approach, this study relies on secondary data, policy documents, institutional reports, and relevant academic literature to analyze how structural disparities shape access to digital higher education in both countries. The findings show that Indonesia has made broader progress in expanding digital infrastructure and online learning systems, yet it continues to face significant regional gaps, particularly between urban and remote areas. Kenya, by contrast, demonstrates stronger digital innovation and a dynamic technology ecosystem, but affordability, unstable connectivity, and uneven institutional capacity remain major barriers. In both contexts, digital inequality is not merely a technical problem, but a structural issue shaped by socioeconomic status, geography, market access, and policy implementation. These inequalities limit the realization of the right to higher education and risk reproducing existing social exclusion. The novelty of this study lies in integrating rights-based analysis with political economy to compare digital inequality across two Global South contexts. The study recommends stronger regulation, affordable connectivity, inclusive digital infrastructure, and equity-oriented higher education policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alwy Ahmed Mohamed, Mowafg Masuwd, Mahmudulhassan Mahmudulhassan, Usman Aliyu Yunusa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Deliar Noer’s Perspective on Identity Politics as Practiced by Islamic Political Parties
This study examines Deliar Noer’s perspective on the practice of identity politics employed by Islamic political parties in Indonesia, particularly in relation to its implications for Muslim political unity, electoral strategy, and the substantive orientation of Islamic politics. The issue is important because identity politics has often been used as a political instrument to mobilize support, strengthen group solidarity, and construct electoral legitimacy. However, in practice, such politics may also produce social fragmentation, narrow political orientation, and symbolic contestation that does not necessarily contribute to solving public problems. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical method, this study relies primarily on Deliar Noer’s relevant works and is supported by secondary literature concerning Islamic politics, political parties, and identity-based political mobilization in Indonesia. The findings show that Deliar Noer tends to view identity politics as a political tendency that brings more negative consequences than positive contributions. According to this perspective, identity politics may weaken the unity of the Muslim community, shift attention away from substantive public policy issues, and prioritize symbolic religious claims over programmatic political agendas. Nevertheless, Deliar Noer does not reject Islamic politics itself. Instead, he offers constructive evaluations by emphasizing reformist commitment, ukhuwah Islamiyah, cooperation among Muslim groups, the strengthening of Islamic education and economy, and the recognition of politics as a legitimate and strategic means of struggle. Therefore, Islamic political movements should ideally move beyond narrow identity-based mobilization and develop inclusive, solution-oriented, and programmatic agendas that advance justice, social welfare, and the broader public good
Copyright (c) 2026 Fiqi Restu Subekti, Taufik Awan Wibowo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analyzing Foucault’s Theory in Digital Security Policy in the Age of AI
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), digital security policies have evolved rapidly, intensifying concerns over surveillance, data control, and state authority. This study examines the relevance of Michel Foucault’s theoretical framework—particularly his concepts of power, biopolitics, and governmentality—in analyzing the structures and implications of contemporary digital security regimes. The widespread adoption of AI technologies in national security initiatives—such as facial recognition, predictive policing, and mass data surveillance—demonstrates a shift in mechanisms of control aligned with Foucault’s notions of disciplinary societies and panopticism. The research aims to critically assess how digital security policies operationalize power through AI, reshaping the dynamics between the state and its citizens. Using a qualitative methodology, the study applies critical discourse analysis to official policy documents, national regulations, and strategic frameworks from selected countries, supported by scholarly and media sources. Findings reveal that such policies often normalize intrusive surveillance practices under the guise of public safety and technological progress, reinforcing asymmetric power relations and challenging democratic accountability. The analysis highlights how algorithmic governance embeds power within technological systems, enabling new forms of control and oversight. Ultimately, the study concludes that applying a Foucauldian lens provides vital insights into the socio-political logics of AI-driven security. It underscores the urgency for transparent, accountable, and rights-based approaches to digital governance in an increasingly automated world.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hero Gefthi Firnando https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Impact of Facebook Toward Social Collective Action Among Malaysia Youth During Movement Control Order Case Studies With Caremongering Malaysia
The enforcement of Malaysia’s Movement Control Order (MCO) 1.0 during the first wave of COVID-19 created widespread panic, social disconnection, and practical hardships, especially for vulnerable groups, while also intensifying the need for rapid, community-based responses. Within this context, Facebook emerged as a new public sphere that enabled young people to organize collective action through the Caremongering Malaysia movement. This study aims to examine the reasons behind the movement’s formation, identify the strategies it employed, and explain how it sustained mobilization during and beyond MCO 1.0. Using a qualitative approach grounded in a constructivist paradigm, the research collected primary data through group discussions, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation involving eight coordinators and volunteers, supported by secondary literature. The findings show that Caremongering Malaysia was driven by a combination of collective identity, disappointment with government responses, and social solidarity. Its mobilization was sustained through three core principles mutual aid, direct action, and autonomy which were operationalized through decentralized coordination, need-based assistance, digital networking, interactive mapping, and inclusive volunteerism across diverse social backgrounds. The movement also helped connect aid seekers and volunteers efficiently nationwide. The study concludes that Facebook functioned not merely as a communication platform but as an effective infrastructure for grassroots mobilization, enabling Malaysian youth to strengthen solidarity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mansuri Abadi, Putu Ayu Suniadewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Theological Exclusivism of the Khawarij: A Threat to Islamic Moderation in the Modern Era
This study addresses the persistence of religious radicalism in contemporary Muslim societies, particularly in Indonesia, where pluralism and social cohesion are challenged by exclusive, takfiri, and anti-state interpretations of Islam. In this context, the theological legacy of the Khawarij is important because its doctrines of excommunication, absolutism, and legitimized violence continue to influence modern extremist narratives. The study aims to analyze the genealogy of Khawarij theology, compare its ideological characteristics with Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia and Jemaah Islamiyah, and assess its implications for Islamic moderation in the modern era. This research employs a qualitative library research approach using secondary data from classical Islamic texts, contemporary books, scholarly journal articles, research reports, religious documents, and credible digital sources. Data were collected through systematic literature review and analyzed using content analysis, supported by source and perspective triangulation to ensure validity. The findings show that Khawarij theology is characterized by takfir, rigid literalism, hostility toward dissent, rejection of illegitimate rulers, and justification of violence. These elements reappear in contemporary radical groups, although expressed through different strategies, with HTI emphasizing ideological-political mobilization and Jemaah Islamiyah employing violent methods. The study concludes that Khawarij-style theological exclusivism remains a serious threat to Islamic moderation and should be addressed through historically grounded deradicalization and stronger promotion of wasathiyah Islam. Therefore, strengthening inclusive theology, tolerance, and contextual religious interpretation is essential for preserving peace within Indonesia's plural society today.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Rasyidi Ahmad, Asep Kusnadi, Baharuddin Baharuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Social Protection on Poverty Alleviation Through Targeted Subsidies in the Welfare Sector
Poverty remains a persistent challenge in Pakistan, where structural inequality, social vulnerability, and fiscal constraints continue to limit the effectiveness of welfare interventions. This study examines how social protection contributes to poverty alleviation through targeted subsidies in Pakistan’s welfare sector, with particular attention to the direct effects of social protection and targeted subsidies and the mediating role of subsidies in this relationship. A quantitative explanatory design was employed using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires from 303 respondents drawn from key welfare institutions and beneficiary groups, including BISP, Ehsaas, Zakat, and Bait-ul-Mal programs. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the hypothesized direct and indirect relationships among social protection, targeted subsidies, and poverty alleviation. The findings show that social protection has a strong positive effect on targeted subsidies and a significant direct effect on poverty alleviation. Targeted subsidies also have a significant positive effect on poverty alleviation and partially mediate the relationship between social protection and poverty alleviation. These results indicate that broad social protection frameworks are more effective when translated into well-targeted subsidy mechanisms. The study concludes that integrated, transparent, and accurately targeted welfare policies can strengthen poverty reduction outcomes and offers practical guidance for policymakers seeking more effective and inclusive social protection systems in developing contexts while improving program delivery, institutional trust, and sustainability of national welfare reforms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizwan Ahmed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Mobile Court Program as an Instrument for Access to Justice in Remote Areas. An Empirical Study of the Religious Court of Labuha
Access to justice remains uneven for communities living in remote archipelagic regions, where distance, transport constraints, and administrative barriers limit their ability to obtain formal judicial services. In response to this problem, the Labuha Religious Court has implemented a mobile court program to bring hearings closer to justice seekers. This study aims to examine how the mobile court program is implemented in the jurisdiction of the Labuha Religious Court and to identify the factors that support and hinder its operation. The research uses a qualitative empirical legal method with a socio-legal approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation involving court officials and community members directly connected to mobile court activities, and were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings show that mobile court sessions in Kasiruta and Sanana substantially improved access to justice, especially for marriage validation, divorce by talaq, contested divorce, and guardianship cases. The program was supported by strong institutional commitment, inter-agency collaboration, and active community participation. However, its implementation was constrained by difficult geography, weather uncertainty, limited transportation, and incomplete administrative documents among justice seekers. In conclusion, the mobile court program functions as an effective instrument for expanding inclusive judicial services in remote areas across dispersed island communities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Faiz Shobir Alfikri, Maziya Rahma Wahda, Ahmad Zulfi Wahyudi, M. Azam Rahmatullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Politics of Inclusion and Adaptive Physical Education: A Systematic Review of Policy Implementation for Students with Special Needs
Inclusive adaptive physical education has emerged as a critical focus within global educational policy, particularly in advancing equitable access for students with special needs. This study aims to synthesize current knowledge on the politics and implementation of inclusive adaptive physical education policies from 2020 to 2025. Using a systematic literature review approach guided by the PRISMA 2020 protocol, 53 peer-reviewed articles were analyzed through mixed methods, combining bibliometric mapping with thematic content analysis. Results reveal a sharp increase in publications peaking in 2022, influenced by global equity movements and the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a decline suggesting research fatigue or a shift toward practice-oriented studies. Conceptually, the literature is dominated by traditional paradigms such as Universal Design for Learning and the social model of disability, which prioritize curriculum flexibility, teacher training, and access to physical activity. However, gaps remain in addressing emerging dimensions like intersectionality, cultural responsiveness, and institutional reform. The findings also highlight that implementation is frequently educator-centric, potentially neglecting broader structural and community-based factors. This study contributes to the existing knowledge base by offering a synthesized framework that integrates global policy, conceptual foundations, and practical mechanisms, while also identifying the limitations of current approaches. The results underscore the need for more context-sensitive, inclusive, and collaborative policy designs. Future research should engage in longitudinal and cross-cultural inquiries, incorporate diverse stakeholder voices, and build international networks to ensure the sustainability and impact of inclusive adaptive physical education practices.
Copyright (c) 2025 Choirul Anwar, Fatkhur Rozi, Siti Nursyahiirah Binti Hasan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Employee Performance Quality on the Quality of Probolinggo City's 112 Emergency Service
Public administration emphasizes the dual role of government in regulation and service, with public services serving as a central indicator of good governance. In the context of emergency response, the quality of employee performance becomes crucial for ensuring effective service delivery. This study aims to analyze the influence of employee performance quality on the quality of the 112 emergency call service in Probolinggo City, Indonesia. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and documentation from 100 respondents comprising government officials, academics, NGOs, and community leaders. The research employed Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis to examine the causal relationship between employee performance quality and service quality dimensions, including reliability, responsiveness, assurance, tangibility, and empathy. The results demonstrate that employee performance quality has a significant and direct impact on the effectiveness of emergency services, with a path coefficient of 0.759, a p-value of 0.000, and a t-statistic of 1.690, confirming the proposed hypothesis. These findings highlight that improved employee capabilities, work processes, and enthusiasm positively enhance public trust and satisfaction in emergency handling. The study concludes that strengthening employee performance is a critical determinant for improving service quality in public emergency systems, supporting the broader goal of good governance and effective crisis management in Probolinggo City.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Jannah Lailatul Fitria, Shanty Bunga Adinda, Ferdy Aprilyandi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Untangling Nickel Downstreaming: A Political Economy Analysis of Indonesia’s Morowali Industrial Park
Indonesia's policy to downstream its nickel industry represents a significant strategic shift aimed at increasing domestic value addition and strengthening its position in the global market. This article analyzes the political economy dynamics of this policy, with a specific focus on the Indonesia Morowali Industrial Park (IMIP) as the central hub of its implementation. This study employs a qualitative case study method, utilizing stakeholder analysis, a Power-Interest Grid, and SWOT analysis to dissect the complex interactions among various actors. The analysis is based on a comprehensive review of academic literature, government regulations, and civil society reports. The findings reveal the formation of a powerful "growth machine" alliance between the Indonesian central government, PT IMIP as the park operator, and foreign investors, primarily from China. While this alliance has successfully driven rapid industrialization and boosted processed nickel exports, it has also generated significant negative externalities. These include the emergence of new forms of dependency on foreign capital and technology, severe socio-environmental degradation, and inequitable distribution of economic benefits, leading to conflicts with local communities and labor groups. The article concludes that while the downstreaming policy has achieved macroeconomic goals, its long-term sustainability is challenged by its failure to foster inclusive and environmentally sound development, presenting a critical paradox for Indonesia's developmental state ambitions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jordy Jordy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Sea Alms Tradition in Rowo Village, Kebumen: Adaptation to Environmental Uncertainty through Actor-Network Theory
The relationship between humans and the environment has become a central focus in both social and ecological research, particularly among communities reliant on natural resources. This study examines the Sedekah Laut (Sea Alms) tradition practiced in Rowo Village, Kebumen Regency, as a cultural adaptation mechanism to address environmental uncertainty. The primary objective is to understand how this ritual reflects the community’s response to unpredictable natural conditions. Employing a qualitative approach grounded in Actor-Network Theory (ANT), the research explores the interactions between human and non-human actors involved in the tradition, including the sea, ritual objects, community leaders, and local beliefs. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Findings reveal that Sedekah Laut is not only a symbolic expression of gratitude and spiritual reverence toward the sea but also serves as a practical strategy to reinforce communal bonds and manage uncertainty in a changing environment. The sea is perceived as both a provider and a sacred entity, deserving of respect and offerings. Through collective participation in the ritual, the community cultivates a shared sense of resilience, interdependence, and social solidarity. In conclusion, the Sedekah Laut tradition illustrates how local knowledge and cultural practices can function as adaptive strategies in the face of environmental challenges, offering insights into the dynamic relationship between society and nature as conceptualized through Actor Network Theory.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kasirul Mubarok, Aris Arif Mundayat, Akhmad Ramdhon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Innovation and Creative Entrepreneurship Management in Supporting Cultural Tourism at UNESCO World Heritage Sites
This study aims is to identify and analyze the innovations applied in creative entrepreneurship to support the management of cultural tourism at Borobudur. The focus is on understanding how creative entrepreneurship can contribute to both the growth of tourism and the preservation of cultural heritage at this iconic site This research employs a qualitative approach, relying on literature studies related to creative entrepreneurship and cultural tourism. Additionally, field observations were conducted to examine the practices of tourism management at the Borobudur site, particularly in relation to cultural events, digital marketing strategies, and sustainable tourism efforts. The study revealed that innovations in digital marketing, the organization of cultural events, and the management of ecotourism play significant roles in attracting tourists while simultaneously preserving cultural values. These innovations have proven effective in enhancing the visitor experience and increasing awareness about the importance of cultural heritage preservation. The findings suggest that entrepreneurial innovations can strengthen the economic sustainability of cultural tourism by actively involving the local community and expanding the reach to international markets. This approach not only drives economic growth but also contributes to the long-term development of the tourism sector, creating a model that can be replicated in other cultural tourism destinations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafinita Aditia, Thomas Kano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Deviation in Public Policy Implementation: An Analytical Study of QRIS in Indonesia
The transformation of digital payment systems has become a central focus of Indonesia’s financial inclusion agenda. One of the strategic policies in this context is the implementation of QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard), launched by Bank Indonesia in 2019. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the QRIS policy in Indonesia from 2019 to 2025, using the theoretical and analytical framework of Mazmanian & Sabatier’s Policy Implementation Theory and Model. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through literature review, policy document analysis, and secondary data from Bank Indonesia. The analysis focuses on six key variables derived from the theory: policy clarity, available resources, characteristics of implementing agencies, external environmental support, target group responses, and socio-economic conditions. The findings reveal that although the QRIS policy objectives are clearly defined and supported by adequate technological infrastructure, its implementation still faces challenges in digital literacy, adoption disparities across regions, and limited outreach to the informal sector. The coordination between implementing institutions also varies in effectiveness. In conclusion, while the national implementation of QRIS shows significant progress, its overall effectiveness depends heavily on strengthening human resources, improving policy communication strategies, and adapting to local socio-economic contexts. These findings contribute to the evaluation of technology-based public policy and offer a foundation for enhancing the effectiveness of future digital financial policies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nabila Nabila, Salsabilla Amalia Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
SWOT-Based Governance Assessment of BP Batam: Addressing Institutional, Regulatory, and Investment Barriers
As Indonesia intensifies its commitment to evidence-based governance and performance accountability through frameworks like SAKIP, there is growing urgency to evaluate the effectiveness of key institutions such as BP Batam. Positioned as the governing body for a strategic Free Trade Zone, BP Batam is tasked with managing licensing, investment, and asset optimization amidst complex regulatory and environmental challenges. This study investigates BP Batam’s governance performance in 2024, which, despite notable successes in investment realization and public satisfaction, calls for a deeper strategic analysis to assess the sustainability and inclusivity of these outcomes. The purpose of this research is to assess institutional strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats using a SWOT framework in order to provide actionable recommendations for policy refinement and governance enhancement. Employing a qualitative descriptive design, the study analyzes secondary data, including the 2024 LAKIP report and related policy documents, selected through purposive sampling. Data were interpreted using thematic content analysis and SWOT matrix coding. The findings indicate that while BP Batam has surpassed its economic targets, it faces internal challenges such as uneven service quality, limited digital integration, and low stakeholder participation. Externally, overlapping jurisdiction and ecological vulnerabilities pose strategic risks. The conclusion emphasizes the need for digital governance acceleration, stakeholder-centered engagement, and regulatory synchronization to transform BP Batam into a model of inclusive and resilient governance.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yudithia Yudithia, Wahyo Yuniartoto, Suryahadi Suryahadi, Augusto Soares, Luh Komang Candra Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Qualitative analysis the Factors Affects Voters Behavior
Understanding voter behavior in Indonesia's diverse sociopolitical landscape is critical for fostering democratic participation. This qualitative study examines the multifaceted factors influencing electoral choices in the 2024 Indonesian General Election through the lenses of sociological, psychological, and rational choice theories. Employing case studies, interviews, and thematic analysis of existing literature, the research highlights the interplay between Indonesia’s entrenched ethnic, religious, and social cleavages and emerging technological and demographic shifts. Key findings reveal a generational divide: urban, educated voters exhibit heightened skepticism toward institutional politics, while rural communities remain influenced by traditional patronage networks. The 2024 elections underscore the dual dynamics of digital campaign strategies such as the viral "gemoy" rebranding tactic targeting Gen Z and persistent structural challenges like political polarization and regional disparities in electoral access. The study identifies how digital platforms amplify emotional appeals and identity politics, yet rational calculations around policy outcomes (e.g., economic welfare programs) remain pivotal. Recommendations emphasize the need to strengthen electoral integrity through transparent governance, equitable technological access, and narratives that bridge pragmatic governance objectives with sociocultural values. By synthesizing multidisciplinary insights, this research contributes to broader discourses on inclusive political engagement in pluralistic democracies, offering pathways to mitigate polarization and enhance democratic resilience in Indonesia’s evolving political ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2024 Putu Ayu Suniadewi, Mansurni Abadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Performance Evaluation of Pasaman Communication Office in Implementing SPBE and Public Services
This study evaluates the performance of the Pasaman Regency Communication and Information Office (Diskominfo) in implementing the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) and delivering public services, as mandated by national digital transformation agendas. In recent years, the Indonesian government has emphasized digital governance as a pathway to enhance transparency, accountability, and efficiency in public administration. Within this context, regional governments are expected to meet SPBE indicators as documented in annual performance reports such as LAKIP. The primary objective of this research is to assess how effectively Diskominfo Pasaman has implemented SPBE, identify enabling and inhibiting factors, and provide recommendations to strengthen regional digital governance. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method with a case study design, the research draws on document analysis of the 2023 LAKIP report, supported by related regulations and strategic planning documents. The analysis reveals significant progress, with SPBE implementation rising from 20% in 2022 to 50% in 2023, supported by consistent BB predicate ratings in SAKIP assessments and overachievement in program realization (102.12%). However, the study also identifies critical constraints, including limited ICT human resources, regulatory delays, and infrastructure disparities in remote areas. The findings suggest that while numerical indicators show advancement, structural and strategic reforms are needed for sustainable digital transformation. This research concludes that regional SPBE success depends not only on technological tools but also on institutional readiness, legal frameworks, and inclusive access—highlighting the importance of holistic governance in Indonesia’s digital reform efforts.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marliani Marliani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation P5 The Formation of Innovative Attitudes in SMP Al Mahira IIBS Malang
During the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, online learning faced limitations, requiring additional support for effective teaching. Online learning can have an impact along with rapid changes in the learning process, both for teachers and students which causes a decline in learning, so that changes in the teaching and learning process are needed by implementing a prototype curriculum. The government has changed the teaching and learning process by implementing the independent curriculum which has been legalized by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. In the implementation of the independent curriculum, students are required to create or carry out a certain project in order to train skills in a certain field. this study aims to find out and analyze the implementation of P5 activities at SMP Al Mahira IIBS Malang as P5 in schools and analyze the impact of its implementation on students. Therefore, the researcher discusses the analysis of P5 activities in P5 followed by SMP Al Mahira IIBS Malang. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research sample was 9th grade students from SMP Al Mahira IIBS Malang. The data collection technique used was from interviews regarding P5 activities as an implementation of the independent curriculum with sources, namely 1 homeroom teacher, having 27-29 students, and having 12 adequate classes. P5 activities aim to improve students' skills in producing various projects.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dika Putra Wijaya, Citra Arifia Novi Ananta, Nur Laila, Danar Danar, Wirda Amirotul Hamidah, Iswatul Hasanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Social Media on Political Participation in the Digital Era
Social media has become a dominant platform in political communication in the digital era. This article explores the influence of social media on political participation, particularly in the context of Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive research method, this study reveals that social media not only enhances access to political information but also strengthens citizens' engagement in the political process. However, challenges such as the spread of misinformation and political polarization also arise. This analysis provides essential insights for developing more inclusive and effective political participation strategies in the digital era. In the digital era, social media has emerged as a dominant platform for political communication, reshaping how individuals participate in the political process. This article examines the influence of social media on political participation, with a specific focus on the Indonesian context. Through a qualitative descriptive research approach, the study highlights how social media not only expands access to political information but also fosters greater civic engagement. However, it also addresses the challenges posed by misinformation and political polarization. The findings offer critical insights into developing more inclusive and effective strategies for political participation in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2024 Teguh Supriyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Use of Technology to Prevent Illegal Fishing: A Case Study Perspective in the Natuna Sea
The use of technology in preventing illegal fishing (IUU) is critical in addressing the ongoing challenges in Indonesia's Natuna Sea, a region vulnerable to violations like illegal fishing, unauthorized vessels, and unlicensed resource exploration. The primary objective of this research is to explore the role of technology in enhancing the monitoring and enforcement of fishing regulations. Various technological tools, such as Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS), Humanless Underwater Sensor Technology (HUST), remote sensing, and Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), are employed to improve surveillance capabilities. These technologies help track fishing vessels, detect suspicious activities, and gather evidence for legal enforcement. A qualitative descriptive research approach is used to analyze the effectiveness of these technologies and their integration into Indonesia's fisheries management system. Data is collected from secondary sources, including legal documents and research studies. The results show that VMS, AIS, and remote sensing have significantly improved the monitoring of fishing activities in the Natuna Sea. However, challenges such as limited data coverage, vulnerability to manipulation, and inter-agency coordination remain. The study concludes that while technology has proven effective in combating illegal fishing, further efforts are needed to enhance its implementation, including strengthening legal frameworks, political support, and inter-agency collaboration to ensure sustainable fisheries management in the region.
Copyright (c) 2024 Geby Gita, Wan Jesica Febrianty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Connection Between Support Social Friend Peers with Subjective Well-Being in Street Children
This study aims to investigate the relationship between peer social support and subjective well-being among street children. Street children are particularly vulnerable to negative emotional and psychological effects due to their harsh living conditions. This research used a quantitative approach with a correlational method to analyze the data. The sample consisted of 100 street children aged 12-18 years, selected through accidental sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires, and the relationship between the two variables was analyzed using Spearman's Rho correlation analysis. The subjective well-being of participants was measured using the scale developed by Diener, while social support was measured using the Sarafino scale. The results of the analysis indicated a significant positive correlation (r = 0.797, p < 0.01) between peer social support and subjective well-being. This means that higher levels of peer social support are associated with higher levels of subjective well-being in street children. The findings suggest that social support from peers plays a crucial role in enhancing the emotional and psychological health of street children. The study concludes that fostering positive peer relationships can improve subjective well-being, highlighting the importance of peer support in the lives of street children. Future research could explore other variables that influence subjective well-being to deepen our understanding of this issue complated.
Copyright (c) 2024 Nirmala Yunita Halim, Suroso Suroso, Isrida Yul Arifiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Impact of Social Protection Policy in Indonesia Post Covid-19 Pandemic
Social protection policy is one of the Government's efforts to ease the burden on communities affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This policy includes providing social assistance, subsidies, and economic stimulus. Analysis of the impact of social protection policies in Indonesia post-COVID-19 is essential to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of these policies. This analysis can also be used to provide better policy recommendations in the future. The research method uses descriptive qualitative with a post-positivism approach, which is a paradigm that emphasizes objectivity and rationality in research in analysing the impact of social protection policies in post-COVID-19 Indonesia. The research results show that these social protection programs' effects include increasing people's income, improving nutrition, increasing access to health services, and improving quality of life. Apart from that, these programs have also helped poor and vulnerable communities to become more independent and empowered. However, there are still several challenges in implementing social protection programs in Indonesia. These challenges include limited budgets, lack of coordination between programs, and low levels of community participation. To overcome these challenges, the Government needs to make various efforts, including increasing the budget for social protection programs, strengthening coordination between programs, and increasing community participation
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammad Syuzairi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Menyama Braya Image of Acculturation of Hinduism and Islam in Budakeling Village
This study explores the process of acculturation and tolerance between the Hindu and Muslim communities in Budakeling Village, Bali, focusing on the concept of "menyama braya" as a foundation for fostering inter-religious harmony. Bali, known for its strong Hindu traditions, is a multicultural society where religious and cultural diversity coexist. The research aims to identify how the practice of "menyama braya," which signifies mutual respect and recognition of others as kin, facilitates peaceful cohabitation and cultural exchange between these two religious communities. A qualitative research method with a descriptive approach was employed, involving non-participant observation, interviews with community leaders, and documentation analysis. The findings highlight the significant role of "menyama braya" in promoting intercultural dialogue, as reflected in the adoption of Balinese identities by Muslim residents, as well as joint practices such as the megibung (shared meals), ngejot (food charity), and participation in Subak (irrigation systems), along with the use of Balinese language and arts. These practices not only represent cultural exchange but also strengthen social bonds and religious tolerance. The study concludes that the "menyama braya" concept plays a crucial role in maintaining unity and peace among different religious communities in Budakeling Village, supporting the idea that multiculturalism thrives through mutual respect and cultural integration.
Copyright (c) 2024 I Dewa Gede Yoga, Aris Arif Mundayat, Yuyun Sunesti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0